boiler

             A boiler or steam generator is a device used to create steam by applying heat energy to water. Although the definitions are somewhat flexible, it can be said that older steam generators were commonly termed boilers and worked at low to medium pressure (1–300 psi/0.069–20.684 bar; 6.895–2,068.427 kPa), but at pressures above this it is more usual to speak of a steam generator.

             A boiler or steam generator is used wherever a source of steam is required. The form and size depends on the application: mobile steam engines such as steam locomotives, portable engines and steam-powered road vehicles typically use a smaller boiler that forms an integral part of the vehicle; stationary steam engines, industrial installations and power stations will usually have a larger separate steam generating facility connected to the point-of-use by piping. A notable exception is the steam-powered fireless locomotive, where separately-generated steam is transferred to a receiver (tank) on the locomotive.

             The steam generator or boiler is an integral component of a steam engine when considered as a prime mover; however it needs be treated separately, as to some extent a variety of generator types can be combined with a variety of engine units. A boiler incorporates a firebox or furnace in order to burn the fuel and generate heat; the heat is initially transferred to water to make steam; this produces saturated steam at ebullition temperature saturated steam which can vary according to the pressure above the boiling water. The higher the furnace temperature, the faster the steam production. The saturated steam thus produced can then either be used immediately to produce power via a turbine and alternator, or else may be further superheatedcondensationcombustion gases can then either be evacuated or made to pass through an economiser, the role of which is to warm the feed water before it reaches the boiler. to a higher temperature; this notably reduces suspended water content making a given volume of steam produce more work and creates a greater temperature gradient in order to counter tendency to due to pressure and heat drop resulting from work plus contact with the cooler walls of the steam passages and cylinders and wire-drawing effect from strangulation at the regulator.

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